27-Hydroxycholesterol

27-Hydroxycholesterol is a type of oxysterol that is produced in the human body. It is an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of bile acids and is also involved in the regulation of cholesterol levels in the body.

Production

27-Hydroxycholesterol is produced in the body through the action of the enzyme sterol 27-hydroxylase (CYP27A1). This enzyme is found in the mitochondria of most cells, but is particularly abundant in the liver, where the majority of bile acid synthesis occurs.

Function

The primary function of 27-hydroxycholesterol is to serve as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of bile acids. These acids are critical for the digestion and absorption of dietary fats. In addition, 27-hydroxycholesterol also plays a role in the regulation of cholesterol levels in the body. It does this by inhibiting the activity of HMG-CoA reductase, the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of cholesterol.

Health implications

Elevated levels of 27-hydroxycholesterol have been associated with a number of health conditions, including atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and certain types of cancer. In atherosclerosis, high levels of 27-hydroxycholesterol can contribute to the formation of plaque in the arteries. In Alzheimer's disease, 27-hydroxycholesterol has been found to be elevated in the brains of affected individuals. In cancer, 27-hydroxycholesterol can promote the growth and proliferation of cancer cells.

See also

• Oxysterol
• Bile acid
• Cholesterol
• Atherosclerosis
• Alzheimer's disease

27-Hydroxycholesterol Resources
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