4-Amino-1-butanol

Chemical compound

Structural formula of 4-Amino-1-butanol

4-Amino-1-butanol is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₄H₁₁NO. It is a primary amine and a primary alcohol, making it a bifunctional molecule. This compound is of interest in various fields of chemistry and biochemistry due to its potential applications in synthesis and as a building block for more complex molecules.

Structure and Properties

4-Amino-1-butanol consists of a four-carbon chain with an amino group (-NH₂) attached to the first carbon and a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to the fourth carbon. This structure imparts both basic and nucleophilic properties to the molecule, allowing it to participate in a variety of chemical reactions.

The presence of both an amino and a hydroxyl group makes 4-Amino-1-butanol a versatile intermediate in organic synthesis. It can undergo reactions typical of amines, such as acylation and alkylation, as well as reactions typical of alcohols, such as esterification and oxidation.

Synthesis

4-Amino-1-butanol can be synthesized through several methods. One common approach involves the reduction of 4-nitro-1-butanol, which can be prepared from 4-chlorobutanol via a nucleophilic substitution reaction with sodium nitrite. The reduction of the nitro group to an amino group can be achieved using catalytic hydrogenation or chemical reduction with agents such as iron and hydrochloric acid.

Another method involves the reaction of 1,4-butanediol with ammonia under high pressure and temperature, which facilitates the formation of the amino alcohol through a direct amination process.

Applications

In the field of pharmaceutical chemistry, 4-Amino-1-butanol serves as a precursor for the synthesis of various biologically active compounds. Its bifunctional nature allows it to be incorporated into larger molecular frameworks, potentially leading to the development of new drugs and therapeutic agents.

In addition, 4-Amino-1-butanol is used in the production of surfactants and polymers. Its ability to form hydrogen bonds makes it useful in modifying the properties of these materials, enhancing their solubility and stability.

Safety and Handling

As with many chemical compounds, proper safety precautions should be taken when handling 4-Amino-1-butanol. It is important to use appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, to prevent skin and eye contact. The compound should be handled in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhalation of vapors.

Related Pages

• Amino alcohol
• Organic synthesis
• Pharmaceutical chemistry