5β-Dihydrotestosterone

5β-Dihydrotestosterone (5β-DHT), also known as 5β-androstan-17β-ol-3-one, is a naturally occurring steroid and androgen metabolite produced in the human body. It is formed from testosterone and androstenedione by the actions of the enzyme 5β-reductase.

Structure and Synthesis

5β-DHT is a steroid hormone with a structure consisting of a cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene ring. It is synthesized from testosterone in a two-step process. First, testosterone is converted to 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT) by the enzyme 5α-reductase. Then, 5α-DHT is converted to 5β-DHT by the enzyme 5β-reductase.

Function

5β-DHT is a potent androgen that binds to and activates the androgen receptor, a nuclear receptor that regulates gene expression. It is involved in the development and maintenance of male secondary sexual characteristics, including the growth of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles, and the development of male hair patterns.

Clinical Significance

Abnormal levels of 5β-DHT have been implicated in a number of medical conditions. Elevated levels can lead to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a condition characterized by an enlarged prostate gland. Conversely, reduced levels of 5β-DHT have been associated with 5α-reductase deficiency, a rare disorder characterized by underdeveloped male sexual characteristics.

See Also

• Androgen
• Testosterone
• 5α-reductase
• 5α-Dihydrotestosterone