5α-dihydrotestosterone

5α-Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is a potent androgen, a sex steroid and hormone. It is an endogenous androgen sex steroid and hormone. DHT is synthesized from testosterone by the enzyme 5α-reductase in certain tissues including the prostate, testes, hair follicles, and adrenal glands. It plays a crucial role in the development of male characteristics and is involved in several physiological processes.

Biochemistry

DHT is a derivative of testosterone, which is converted into DHT by the action of the enzyme 5α-reductase. This conversion occurs in various tissues, including the skin, liver, and prostate. DHT binds to the androgen receptor with greater affinity than testosterone, making it a more potent androgen.

Physiological Role

DHT is responsible for the development of male primary and secondary sexual characteristics. It is crucial for the formation of the male external genitalia during embryogenesis. In adults, DHT contributes to the growth of facial and body hair, the deepening of the voice, and the development of muscle mass.

Clinical Significance

DHT is implicated in several medical conditions:

• Androgenetic alopecia: DHT is a key factor in the development of male pattern baldness. It binds to receptors in hair follicles, leading to their miniaturization and eventual hair loss.
• Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): DHT stimulates the growth of prostate cells, contributing to the enlargement of the prostate gland.
• Prostate cancer: Elevated levels of DHT are associated with the progression of prostate cancer.

Inhibition of DHT

Inhibitors of 5α-reductase, such as finasteride and dutasteride, are used to treat conditions like BPH and androgenetic alopecia by reducing the conversion of testosterone to DHT.

Also see

• Testosterone
• Androgen receptor
• 5α-Reductase
• Androgen insensitivity syndrome
• Hormone replacement therapy