Dihydrotestosterone

Introduction

Dihydrotestosterone Structural Formula

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), also known as androstanolone, is a biologically active metabolite of the hormone testosterone, synthesized predominantly in the prostate gland, testes, hair follicles, and certain other tissues in the male body. DHT is a vital hormone for the development and maintenance of male secondary sexual characteristics, including facial hair, a deep voice, and muscle growth.

Adrenal Steroids Pathways - edited

Biochemical Structure and Synthesis

DHT belongs to the class of compounds known as androgens, which are steroid hormones that play a key role in male sexual development and physiology. It is synthesized from testosterone by the enzymatic action of 5-alpha reductase. This enzyme is found in various tissues throughout the body, with high concentrations in the prostate gland and hair follicles. The process of conversion also takes place in the testes and adrenal glands.

Physiological Role

DHT is primarily involved in the development and maintenance of male sex characteristics. During puberty, DHT contributes to the deepening of the voice, the growth and development of the prostate and seminal vesicles, pubic and body hair growth, and changes in body musculature and fat distribution. It is much more potent than testosterone in its androgenic effects and plays a vital role in male pattern baldness and prostate growth.

DHT and Health Implications

While DHT plays crucial roles in the male body, it can also contribute to certain health issues:

Prostate Diseases: High levels of DHT have been associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer. DHT promotes the growth of prostate cells, leading to enlargement of the prostate in the case of BPH and potentially encouraging the growth of cancerous cells in prostate cancer.

Male Pattern Baldness: DHT is believed to be a key factor in male pattern baldness (androgenetic alopecia). It shortens the growth phase of the hair cycle, causing hair follicles to miniaturize with each cycle. This process leads to hair thinning and eventually hair loss.

Other Conditions: High levels of DHT may be associated with conditions such as hirsutism (excessive hair growth in women) and acne, owing to the hormone's potent androgenic effects.

Regulation and Treatment Implications

Because of DHT's role in conditions such as prostate disease and male pattern baldness, medications have been developed to inhibit the activity of 5-alpha reductase, the enzyme responsible for converting testosterone into DHT. These medications, known as 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, include drugs such as finasteride and dutasteride. They are used in the treatment of conditions like BPH and androgenetic alopecia.

Dihydrotestosterone Resources
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