Prasterone
Prasterone[edit]
Prasterone, also known as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), is an endogenous steroid hormone that is produced in the adrenal glands, gonads, and brain. It serves as a precursor to male and female sex hormones, including testosterone and estrogen.
Biochemistry[edit]
Prasterone is synthesized from cholesterol through the action of the enzyme cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1), which converts cholesterol into pregnenolone. Pregnenolone is then converted into prasterone by the enzyme 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
In the body, prasterone can be converted into androstenedione, which can then be further converted into testosterone or estrone, a form of estrogen. This conversion is facilitated by the enzymes 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and aromatase.
Function[edit]
Prasterone plays a role in the development of secondary sexual characteristics during puberty. It also has various effects on the immune system, metabolism, and central nervous system.
Clinical Use[edit]
Prasterone is used as a supplement to treat various conditions, including adrenal insufficiency, lupus, and depression. It is also marketed as an anti-aging supplement, although its efficacy for this purpose is not well established.
Pharmacokinetics[edit]
Prasterone is available in oral, topical, and injectable forms. When taken orally, it is rapidly absorbed and metabolized in the liver. The bioavailability of oral prasterone is low due to extensive first-pass metabolism.
Effects on Hormone Levels[edit]
Administration of prasterone can increase levels of testosterone and estrogen in the body. This effect is more pronounced in individuals with low baseline levels of these hormones.
Side Effects[edit]
Common side effects of prasterone supplementation include acne, hirsutism, and mood changes. Long-term use may increase the risk of hormone-sensitive cancers.
Research[edit]
Research on prasterone is ongoing, with studies investigating its potential benefits in cognitive function, bone density, and cardiovascular health.
