5-Aminotetrazole

5-Aminotetrazole is an organic compound with the formula HN4C(NH2). It is a white, water-soluble solid that has been used as a precursor to other chemical compounds and as a component in some explosives.

Structure and properties

5-Aminotetrazole consists of a tetrazole ring, which is a five-membered ring with four nitrogen atoms and one carbon atom, and an amino group (-NH2) attached to the carbon atom. The compound is a weak acid due to the presence of the amino group, which can donate a proton (H+).

The tetrazole ring is planar and aromatic, meaning it is stable and has a ring of delocalized electrons. This contributes to the compound's reactivity and its ability to participate in various chemical reactions.

Synthesis

5-Aminotetrazole can be synthesized from cyanamide and ammonium chloride in the presence of sodium hydroxide. The reaction proceeds via a nucleophilic substitution mechanism, with the cyanamide acting as the nucleophile and the ammonium chloride as the electrophile.

Applications

Due to its high nitrogen content and stability, 5-Aminotetrazole has been used in the synthesis of various explosives. It is also used as a precursor in the synthesis of other tetrazole derivatives, which have applications in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.

Safety

5-Aminotetrazole is a potentially explosive compound and should be handled with care. It is also harmful if swallowed or inhaled, and can cause skin and eye irritation.

See also

• Tetrazole
• Amino group
• Nucleophilic substitution