ABCG2

ABCG2 is a gene that encodes a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily. The ABCG2 protein, also known as the breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), is a multidrug resistance protein that functions as a transporter of various molecules across extra- and intra-cellular membranes.

Function

The ABCG2 gene is a member of the ABC transporter family, which are integral membrane proteins that transport various molecules across the intra- and extra-cellular membranes. ABCG2 is involved in multi-drug resistance; its expression is often increased in certain tumor cells, where it functions as a transporter to pump out various types of drugs. A high level of expression can result in decreased effectiveness of a drug through decreased intracellular drug accumulation.

Clinical significance

ABCG2 has been found to be overexpressed in a variety of cancers, including breast cancer, lung cancer, and leukemia. Overexpression of ABCG2 can lead to multi-drug resistance in these cancers, making them more difficult to treat. In addition, mutations in the ABCG2 gene have been associated with gout and hyperuricemia.

Research

Research into ABCG2 is ongoing, with a focus on understanding its role in drug resistance and developing strategies to overcome this resistance. This includes the development of inhibitors that can block the function of ABCG2, thereby increasing the effectiveness of chemotherapy drugs.

See also

• ATP-binding cassette transporter
• Multidrug resistance
• Breast cancer
• Lung cancer
• Leukemia