Abstral

Abstral is a brand name for a sublingual tablet formulation of fentanyl, a potent opioid analgesic used for the management of breakthrough pain in patients with cancer. It is designed for rapid absorption through the mucous membranes under the tongue, providing quick relief from severe pain episodes.

Medical Uses

Abstral is specifically indicated for the management of breakthrough pain in adult patients who are already receiving, and who are tolerant to, opioid therapy for their underlying persistent cancer pain. Breakthrough pain is a transitory flare of pain that occurs on a background of otherwise controlled persistent pain.

Mechanism of Action

Fentanyl, the active ingredient in Abstral, works by binding to the body's opioid receptors, which are found in the brain, spinal cord, and other areas. This binding reduces the perception of pain and the emotional response to pain.

Administration

Abstral is administered sublingually, meaning it is placed under the tongue where it dissolves and is absorbed directly into the bloodstream. This method of administration allows for rapid onset of pain relief, typically within minutes.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Abstral include:

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Constipation
• Drowsiness
• Dizziness

Serious side effects can include respiratory depression, hypotension, and addiction.

Precautions

Patients using Abstral should be monitored for signs of opioid overdose, which can be fatal. It is important to use this medication exactly as prescribed by a healthcare provider to minimize the risk of serious side effects.

Related Pages

• Fentanyl
• Opioid
• Breakthrough pain
• Cancer pain management
• Opioid overdose