Accessory dwelling unit

Accessory Dwelling Unit

An Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU) is a secondary housing unit on a single-family residential lot. ADUs are known by various names, including granny flats, in-law units, backyard cottages, secondary units, and more. They are a popular solution for increasing housing density and providing affordable housing options in urban areas.

Characteristics

ADUs are typically smaller than the primary residence and can be attached or detached. They often include a kitchen, bathroom, and sleeping area, making them fully functional living spaces. ADUs can be:

• Detached: A separate structure from the main house, such as a converted garage or a newly built small house in the backyard.
• Attached: Built as an addition to the main house, sharing a wall but having a separate entrance.
• Interior: A converted space within the main house, such as a basement or attic.

Benefits

ADUs offer several benefits, including:

• Increased Housing Supply: They provide additional housing options in areas with limited space for new development.
• Affordability: ADUs can be a more affordable housing option for renters and can provide homeowners with rental income.
• Flexibility: They offer flexible living arrangements for extended family, such as aging parents or adult children.
• Sustainability: ADUs can contribute to sustainable urban development by utilizing existing infrastructure and reducing urban sprawl.

Challenges

Despite their benefits, ADUs face several challenges:

• Zoning Regulations: Many areas have restrictive zoning laws that limit the construction of ADUs.
• Permitting and Fees: The process of obtaining permits can be complex and costly.
• Neighborhood Opposition: Some communities resist ADUs due to concerns about increased density and changes to neighborhood character.

Legal and Regulatory Considerations

The legality of ADUs varies widely depending on local regulations. Some cities have embraced ADUs as a way to address housing shortages, while others have strict regulations that limit their development. Key considerations include:

• Zoning Laws: These determine where ADUs can be built and what size they can be.
• Building Codes: ADUs must meet local building codes, which can affect design and construction.
• Parking Requirements: Some areas require additional parking spaces for ADUs.

Examples

Cities like Portland, Oregon, and Los Angeles, California, have implemented policies to encourage the development of ADUs. These policies often include:

• Reduced Fees: Lowering or waiving development fees for ADUs.
• Streamlined Permitting: Simplifying the permitting process to make it easier for homeowners to build ADUs.
• Incentives: Offering financial incentives or technical assistance to encourage ADU construction.

Also see

• Zoning
• Urban planning
• Affordable housing
• Sustainable development