Accessory nipples

Accessory nipples, also known as polythelia, is a condition where an individual has more than the usual two nipples. These additional nipples can appear anywhere along the two vertical "milk lines" which start in the armpit on each side, run down through the typical nipples and end at the groin. They are found in both males and females.

Development

Accessory nipples develop during the embryonic stage of development, specifically during the formation of the mammary ridge or milk line. This ridge typically regresses except where the two nipples form, but in some cases, it does not fully disappear, leading to the formation of accessory nipples.

Appearance and Identification

Accessory nipples can vary greatly in appearance. They may appear as fully formed and functional nipples, or they may be mistaken for moles or other skin anomalies. In some cases, accessory nipples may be accompanied by accessory breast tissue, a condition known as polymastia.

Prevalence

The prevalence of accessory nipples is estimated to be around 1 in 18 people. However, this number may be higher due to misidentification or lack of reporting. The condition is equally common in males and females.

Health Implications

Generally, accessory nipples are harmless and do not pose any health risks. However, they can sometimes be associated with kidney or urinary tract anomalies. In rare cases, breast diseases such as mastitis or breast cancer can occur in accessory breast tissue.

Treatment

Treatment for accessory nipples is not usually necessary unless they cause discomfort or are a cosmetic concern. Surgical removal is a common treatment option if desired.

Cultural Aspects

In some cultures, accessory nipples are considered a sign of fertility or virility. They have also been the subject of folklore and superstition in various cultures throughout history.

See Also

• Supernumerary body part
• Congenital anomalies
• Breast