Acetic anhydride

Acetic Anhydride is an organic compound that is a simple carboxylic acid anhydride derived from acetic acid. It is a colorless liquid that smells strongly of acetic acid, which is formed by its reaction with moisture in the air.

Chemical Structure

Acetic anhydride, or ethanoic anhydride, has the chemical formula (CH3CO)2O. It consists of two acetyl groups (CH3CO-) linked by an oxygen atom.

Production

Acetic anhydride is produced by carbonylation of methyl acetate in a process that involves iodomethane as an intermediate. It can also be produced from acetic acid using acetic acid as a reagent in a process known as the Ketene process.

Uses

Acetic anhydride is widely used as a reagent in organic synthesis. Its most significant use is in the production of cellulose acetate, which is used in photographic films and textiles. It is also used in the manufacture of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), other pharmaceuticals, and dyes.

Safety

Acetic anhydride is a strong irritant and can cause burns. It is also a powerful lachrymator, causing tearing and stinging of the eyes. It is classified as a Schedule III substance under the Chemical Weapons Convention due to its potential use in the production of chemical weapons.

See Also

• Acetic acid
• Carboxylic acid
• Organic synthesis
• Cellulose acetate
• Chemical Weapons Convention