Achromobacter xylosoxidans

Achromobacter xylosoxidans is a gram-negative bacteria species that is part of the Achromobacter genus. It is a pathogen that is known to cause various types of infections, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems.

Taxonomy

The species name xylosoxidans is derived from the Greek words xylon, meaning wood, and oxidans, meaning oxidizing. This is in reference to the bacterium's ability to oxidize xylose, a type of sugar commonly found in wood.

Characteristics

Achromobacter xylosoxidans is a rod-shaped, motile bacterium. It is oxidase positive and can grow in the presence of up to 6% sodium chloride. The bacterium is also capable of nitrate reduction, a process that allows it to survive in environments with low oxygen levels.

Pathogenicity

Achromobacter xylosoxidans is an opportunistic pathogen, meaning it primarily causes infections in individuals with weakened immune systems. It has been associated with a variety of infections, including bacteremia, pneumonia, meningitis, and endocarditis. The bacterium is also a known cause of hospital-acquired infections, particularly in intensive care units.

Treatment

Treatment of Achromobacter xylosoxidans infections can be challenging due to the bacterium's inherent resistance to many commonly used antibiotics. However, it is generally susceptible to aminoglycosides, quinolones, and piperacillin-tazobactam.

See also

• Achromobacter
• Gram-negative bacteria
• Opportunistic infection