Acidithiobacillia

Acidithiobacillia is a class of bacteria that belongs to the phylum Proteobacteria. This class of bacteria is characterized by their ability to oxidize sulfur and iron, making them important in the process of bioleaching. Acidithiobacillia are typically found in environments with low pH, such as acid mine drainage and sulfur springs.

Taxonomy[edit | edit source]

The class Acidithiobacillia was first proposed in 2013 as part of a reclassification of the genus Acidithiobacillus. The class currently includes two orders, Acidithiobacillales and Thermithiobacillales, and three families, Acidithiobacillaceae, Thermithiobacillaceae, and Ectothiorhodospiraceae.

Metabolism[edit | edit source]

Acidithiobacillia are chemolithotrophic, meaning they derive energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds. Specifically, these bacteria are capable of oxidizing sulfur and iron, which they use as electron donors in their energy metabolism. This ability allows them to survive in environments with low pH, where these elements are often present in high concentrations.

Ecological Role[edit | edit source]

Due to their ability to oxidize sulfur and iron, Acidithiobacillia play a crucial role in the process of bioleaching. This process involves the use of microorganisms to extract metals from ores, a method that is increasingly being used in the mining industry. In addition, Acidithiobacillia contribute to the formation of acid mine drainage, a major environmental problem associated with mining activities.