Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase

From WikiMD.com - Food, Medicine & Wellness Encyclopedia

(Redirected from Acyl CoA dehydrogenase)

Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase[edit | edit source]

Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase[edit | edit source]

Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase is a family of enzymes that play a crucial role in the beta-oxidation of fatty acids in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. These enzymes catalyze the initial step in the breakdown of fatty acids, which is essential for the production of ATP, the energy currency of the cell.

Function[edit | edit source]

Acyl-CoA dehydrogenases are responsible for the dehydrogenation of acyl-CoA molecules, which are fatty acids bound to coenzyme A. This reaction involves the removal of two hydrogen atoms from the acyl-CoA, resulting in the formation of a trans double bond between the beta and alpha carbon atoms, producing a trans-2-enoyl-CoA. This step is the first in a series of reactions that ultimately lead to the complete oxidation of fatty acids into acetyl-CoA, which can then enter the citric acid cycle for further energy production.

Types[edit | edit source]

There are several types of acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, each specific to the chain length of the fatty acid substrate they act upon. These include:

  • Short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCAD): Acts on fatty acids with chain lengths of 4-6 carbon atoms.
  • Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD): Acts on fatty acids with chain lengths of 6-12 carbon atoms.
  • Long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD): Acts on fatty acids with chain lengths of 12-18 carbon atoms.
  • Very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD): Acts on fatty acids with chain lengths greater than 18 carbon atoms.

Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]

Deficiencies in acyl-CoA dehydrogenases can lead to metabolic disorders. For example, medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD) is a genetic disorder that impairs the body's ability to break down medium-chain fatty acids, leading to the accumulation of fatty acids and their derivatives, which can cause serious health problems, especially during periods of fasting or illness.

Related Enzymes[edit | edit source]

Acyl-CoA dehydrogenases are part of a larger family of flavoproteins, which use flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) as a cofactor. They are related to other enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism, such as enoyl-CoA hydratase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and beta-ketothiolase, which together complete the beta-oxidation cycle.

Related Pages[edit | edit source]


Stub icon
   This article is a enzyme-related stub. You can help WikiMD by expanding it!
WikiMD
Navigation: Wellness - Encyclopedia - Health topics - Disease Index‏‎ - Drugs - World Directory - Gray's Anatomy - Keto diet - Recipes

Transform your life with W8MD's budget GLP1 injections in NYC from $125 and up biweekly

W8mdlogo.png
W8MD weight loss doctors team

W8MD offers a medical weight loss program NYC and a clinic to lose weight in Philadelphia. Our W8MD's physician supervised medical weight loss centers in NYC provides expert medical guidance, and offers telemedicine options for convenience.

Why choose W8MD?

Book Your Appointment

Start your NYC weight loss journey today at our NYC medical weight loss, and Philadelphia and visit Philadelphia medical weight loss Call (718)946-5500 for NY and 215 676 2334 for PA

Search WikiMD

Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's NYC physician weight loss.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) available. Call 718 946 5500.
Advertise on WikiMD

WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Let Food Be Thy Medicine
Medicine Thy Food - Hippocrates

Medical Disclaimer: WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. The information on WikiMD is provided as an information resource only, may be incorrect, outdated or misleading, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes. Please consult your health care provider before making any healthcare decisions or for guidance about a specific medical condition. WikiMD expressly disclaims responsibility, and shall have no liability, for any damages, loss, injury, or liability whatsoever suffered as a result of your reliance on the information contained in this site. By visiting this site you agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, which may from time to time be changed or supplemented by WikiMD. If you do not agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, you should not enter or use this site. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates, categories Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.

Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD