Adeleidae

1. Adeleidae

The **Adeleidae** is a family of parasitic protozoa belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa. These organisms are known for their complex life cycles, which often involve multiple hosts, including invertebrates and vertebrates. Members of the Adeleidae family are primarily known for their role as parasites in various animal species, including insects and reptiles.

Taxonomy

The family Adeleidae is classified under the phylum Apicomplexa, which is characterized by the presence of a unique organelle called the apicoplast. This organelle is involved in the invasion of host cells. The Adeleidae family is further divided into several genera, including:

• **Adeleorina**
• **Hepatozoon**
• **Karyolysus**

Life Cycle

The life cycle of Adeleidae parasites is complex and typically involves both sexual and asexual reproduction. These parasites often require two different hosts to complete their life cycle:

1. **Definitive Host**: This is usually an invertebrate, such as an insect, where the sexual reproduction of the parasite occurs. 2. **Intermediate Host**: This is often a vertebrate, such as a reptile or amphibian, where asexual reproduction takes place.

The transmission between hosts typically occurs through the ingestion of infected tissues or through vectors such as blood-feeding insects.

Pathogenicity

While many Adeleidae species are not highly pathogenic, some can cause significant disease in their hosts. For example, species of the genus Hepatozoon can infect reptiles and cause symptoms such as lethargy, anemia, and weight loss. The severity of the disease often depends on the host's immune response and the parasite load.

Research and Importance

Research on Adeleidae is important for understanding the ecology and evolution of parasitism. These organisms serve as models for studying host-parasite interactions and the mechanisms of parasite transmission. Additionally, understanding the life cycles and pathogenicity of Adeleidae can aid in the development of control measures for diseases they cause in wildlife and domestic animals.

Also see

• Apicomplexa
• Parasitism
• Protozoa
• Hepatozoon