Allergic urticaria

Allergic urticaria is a type of allergy that results in the rapid onset of itchy welts (hives) and/or angioedema (swelling of the lower layer of skin and tissue). It is usually a reaction to certain allergens, although it can also be triggered by other factors such as heat, stress, or exercise.

Causes

Allergic urticaria is caused by an allergic reaction to certain substances, known as allergens. These can include certain foods, medications, insect bites or stings, and substances touched or inhaled. The body's immune system reacts to these allergens by releasing chemicals, including histamine, which cause the symptoms of allergic urticaria.

Symptoms

The main symptom of allergic urticaria is the appearance of red, itchy welts on the skin. These can vary in size and shape, and can appear anywhere on the body. They are often accompanied by angioedema, which is swelling of the lower layer of skin and tissue. Other symptoms can include difficulty breathing, dizziness, and loss of consciousness.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of allergic urticaria is usually based on the patient's symptoms and medical history. The doctor may also perform tests to identify the specific allergen causing the reaction. These can include skin prick tests, blood tests, and challenge tests.

Treatment

Treatment for allergic urticaria involves avoiding the allergen, if known, and managing the symptoms. This can include taking antihistamines to reduce the itching and swelling, and corticosteroids to reduce inflammation. In severe cases, an injection of epinephrine may be required.

See also

• Allergy
• Urticaria
• Angioedema
• Histamine
• Epinephrine