Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor

Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor (α1-adrenergic receptor) is a type of adrenergic receptor that is activated by the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and the hormone epinephrine (adrenaline). It is one of the primary receptors responsible for the sympathetic nervous system's fight or flight response.

Structure and Function

The α1-adrenergic receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is located in various tissues throughout the body, including the heart, blood vessels, liver, and central nervous system. When activated, it triggers a cascade of intracellular events that result in various physiological responses.

Subtypes

There are three known subtypes of the α1-adrenergic receptor: α1A, α1B, and α1D. Each subtype is encoded by a different gene and has a distinct tissue distribution and function.

Clinical Significance

The α1-adrenergic receptor plays a crucial role in the regulation of blood pressure and heart rate. Drugs that block the action of these receptors, known as α1-blockers, are commonly used to treat hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia.

See Also

• Adrenergic receptor
• G protein-coupled receptor
• Sympathetic nervous system
• Alpha-1 blocker

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