Alpha-ketoglutaric acid

Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid (also known as 2-Oxoglutaric acid or AKG) is a key molecule in the Krebs cycle, playing a vital role in the energy production process in all living organisms. It is a crystalline acid that is found in many fruits and vegetables, and is also produced in the body.

Chemical Structure

Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid is a five-carbon dicarboxylic acid, which means it has two carboxyl groups. Its chemical formula is C5H6O5. It is a derivative of glutamic acid, a common amino acid in the body.

Biological Role

In the Krebs cycle, Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid is formed from isocitrate through decarboxylation catalyzed by the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase. It is then converted into succinyl-CoA and carbon dioxide by the enzyme alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. This process is crucial for the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main energy source for cellular functions.

Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid also plays a role in amino acid metabolism. It is a precursor for the synthesis of glutamate and glutamine, which are essential for protein synthesis and regulation of the nitrogen balance in the body.

Health Benefits

Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid is often used as a dietary supplement due to its potential health benefits. It is believed to improve athletic performance, promote healthy aging, and support liver health. However, more research is needed to confirm these benefits.

Safety and Side Effects

Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid is generally considered safe when taken as a supplement in recommended doses. However, high doses may cause gastrointestinal discomfort, such as nausea and diarrhea. As with any supplement, it is recommended to consult a healthcare provider before use.

See Also

• Krebs cycle
• Glutamic acid
• Isocitrate dehydrogenase
• Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex

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