Alveolar duct

Alveolar duct refers to the tiny ducts found in the lungs that connect the respiratory bronchioles to the alveolar sacs, each of which contains a collection of alveoli. They are part of the anatomy of the respiratory system and play a crucial role in the process of gas exchange.

Anatomy

The alveolar ducts are minute tubes that extend from the last generation of the respiratory bronchioles. Each duct ends in an expanded area known as an alveolar sac. The walls of the alveolar ducts are composed of smooth muscle and elastic fibers. The inner surface of the ducts is lined with simple squamous epithelium and scattered cuboidal cells.

Function

The primary function of the alveolar ducts is to act as a conduit for air to move in and out of the alveoli. This is essential for the process of gas exchange, where oxygen is taken into the body and carbon dioxide is expelled. The elastic fibers in the walls of the ducts allow them to expand and contract with each breath, facilitating the movement of air.

Clinical significance

Damage or disease affecting the alveolar ducts can have serious implications for respiratory function. Conditions such as pulmonary fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can lead to scarring or thickening of the alveolar ducts, impairing their ability to facilitate gas exchange.

See also

• Respiratory system
• Alveoli
• Pulmonary fibrosis
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease