Amelanchier alnifolia

Amelanchier alnifolia, commonly known as the Saskatoon, Pacific serviceberry, western serviceberry, alder-leaf shadbush, dwarf shadbush, chuckley pear, or western juneberry, is a shrub with edible berry-like fruit, native to North America from Alaska across most of western Canada and in the western and north-central United States. It is a deciduous shrub or small tree that can grow to 1–8 m (3 ft 3 in–26 ft 3 in) in height. Its pomes are purple and edible. The plant is a member of the Rosaceae family.

Description

The Amelanchier alnifolia is a multi-stemmed shrub or small tree which presents clusters of small, creamy white flowers in early spring. The leaves are oval and arranged alternately on the branches. The fruit, which are pomes, resemble small apples and are deep purple when ripe. They are sweet and often used in jams, jellies, and pies.

Distribution and habitat

Amelanchier alnifolia is native to North America, and is found in all provinces and territories of Canada (except Nunavut) and in the western and north-central United States. It is most commonly found in the prairie provinces. The plant prefers full sun and well-drained soil, but can tolerate a range of soil types.

Uses

The fruit of the Amelanchier alnifolia is edible and has been a food source for Native American tribes. The fruit is also used in modern cooking in jams, jellies, pies, and wine. The wood of the plant is strong and has been used to make tools and weapons.

Cultivation

Amelanchier alnifolia is a popular plant for use in natural landscaping and permaculture. It is also used in reclamation and erosion control projects. The plant is propagated by seed, which requires cold stratification to germinate.

See also

• Amelanchier
• Rosaceae
• Serviceberry