Angiotensin-receptor blocker

Angiotensin-Receptor Blocker (ARB), also known as sartan medicines, are a group of pharmaceuticals that modulate the renin-angiotensin system. They are commonly used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) and heart failure, and can also slow down the progression of kidney disease in patients with diabetes.

Mechanism of Action

ARBs work by blocking the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor. Angiotensin II is a hormone that constricts blood vessels, leading to increased blood pressure. By blocking the action of angiotensin II, ARBs allow blood vessels to widen (dilate), which reduces blood pressure.

Uses

ARBs are primarily used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and kidney disease in diabetes. They may also be used to treat myocardial infarction (heart attack) and stroke.

Side Effects

Common side effects of ARBs include dizziness, hyperkalemia (high potassium levels), and decreased kidney function. In rare cases, they can cause angioedema (swelling of the skin and underlying tissues).

Examples

Examples of ARBs include losartan, valsartan, and irbesartan. These drugs are often used as an alternative to ACE inhibitors, especially in patients who cannot tolerate the side effects of ACE inhibitors.

See Also

• Renin-angiotensin system
• Hypertension
• Heart failure
• Diabetes
• Kidney disease
• ACE inhibitors

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