Anthracene

Anthracene is a solid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) of formula C₁₄H₁₀, consisting of three fused benzene rings. It is a component of coal tar. Anthracene is used in the production of the red dye alizarin and other dyes. Anthracene is colorless but exhibits a blue (400–500 nm peak) fluorescence under ultraviolet radiation.

Structure and properties

Anthracene is a tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). In terms of its structure, it can be considered as three benzene rings fused together, which gives it the chemical formula C₁₄H₁₀. The central ring is slightly buckled relative to the outer two.

Production and uses

Anthracene is extracted from coal tar, a by-product of the coking of coal. It is also found in oil residues. Anthracene is used in the manufacture of dyes, such as alizarin, and other synthetic compounds. It is also used in research for the development of new materials and technologies.

Health effects

Exposure to anthracene can occur through inhalation, skin contact, and ingestion. It has been found to be a low to moderate health hazard. Long-term or repeated exposure can lead to skin irritation and damage to the eyes and respiratory system. Anthracene is not classified as a human carcinogen.

See also

• Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
• Benzene
• Coal tar
• Alizarin