Anti-smooth muscle antibody

The Anti-Smooth Muscle Antibody (ASMA) is a type of autoantibody that is typically associated with autoimmune hepatitis and other autoimmune diseases. It is directed against components of smooth muscle cells, which are found in various tissues and organs throughout the body.

Overview

ASMA is often detected in the blood of individuals with autoimmune hepatitis, a chronic disease that can lead to cirrhosis and liver failure. The presence of ASMA, along with other autoantibodies and clinical symptoms, can aid in the diagnosis of this condition.

Function

The exact role of ASMA in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases is not fully understood. However, it is believed that these antibodies may contribute to tissue damage and inflammation by targeting smooth muscle cells.

Clinical Significance

Testing for ASMA is often part of the diagnostic process for autoimmune hepatitis. A positive ASMA test, in conjunction with other clinical findings, can support a diagnosis of this condition. However, ASMA can also be present in other autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and primary biliary cirrhosis, making it a non-specific marker.

See Also

• Autoantibody
• Autoimmune hepatitis
• Smooth muscle