Sulbutiamine

Sulbutiamine is a synthetic derivative of thiamine (vitamin B1). It was developed in Japan in the 1960s to treat beriberi, a disease caused by thiamine deficiency. Sulbutiamine is more lipophilic and thus more bioavailable than thiamine, allowing for increased uptake into cells and the brain.

Etymology

The term "sulbutiamine" is derived from the words "sulfur", "butyl", and "thiamine", indicating its chemical structure.

Chemistry

Sulbutiamine is a synthetic molecule which consists of two thiamine molecules linked together by a sulfur group. It is lipophilic, which allows it to cross the blood-brain barrier more easily than thiamine.

Pharmacology

Sulbutiamine increases thiamine levels in the brain. It is thought to enhance cholinergic activity, particularly in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, areas of the brain involved in memory and attention. Sulbutiamine also stimulates the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter involved in reward and motivation.

Medical uses

Sulbutiamine is used to treat symptoms of weakness and fatigue. It is also used in the treatment of asthenia, a condition characterized by lack of energy and strength. In some countries, it is used as a prescription drug for the treatment of thiamine deficiency.

Side effects

Common side effects of sulbutiamine include skin irritation, anxiety, and insomnia. Rare side effects include agitation, tremor, and mood changes.

See also

• Thiamine
• Beriberi
• Asthenia

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