Arteria sacralis lateralis

Arteria sacralis lateralis

The arteria sacralis lateralis is a branch of the internal iliac artery that supplies blood to the sacrum and surrounding structures. It is also known as the lateral sacral artery.

Anatomy

The arteria sacralis lateralis arises from the posterior division of the internal iliac artery. It typically originates near the level of the superior gluteal artery. It descends along the anterior surface of the sacrum, giving off branches to the sacrum, coccyx, and surrounding muscles.

Function

The main function of the arteria sacralis lateralis is to provide oxygenated blood to the sacrum and its associated structures. The sacrum is a triangular bone located at the base of the spine, consisting of five fused vertebrae. It plays a crucial role in supporting the weight of the upper body and transferring it to the pelvis.

Clinical Significance

In certain clinical scenarios, the arteria sacralis lateralis may be involved in pathological conditions. For example, in cases of sacral fractures or tumors, injury to this artery can lead to significant bleeding. Additionally, during surgical procedures involving the sacrum, such as sacrectomy or sacroiliac joint fusion, the surgeon must be cautious to avoid damaging this artery.

Related Anatomy

The arteria sacralis lateralis is closely related to other structures in the pelvic region. It runs parallel to the sacral nerves, which are responsible for innervating the pelvic organs and lower limbs. It also lies in close proximity to the sacral venous plexus, a network of veins that drains blood from the sacrum and surrounding areas.

See Also

• Internal iliac artery
• Sacrum
• Pelvis