Artocarpus communis

Artocarpus communis, also known as breadfruit, is a species of flowering tree in the mulberry and jackfruit family (Moraceae) that is native to the Malay Peninsula and western Pacific islands. It is highly significant in both ecological and cultural contexts, particularly in regions such as Polynesia and Micronesia.

Description

The Artocarpus communis tree typically reaches a height of 26 meters, with large, thick leaves that can reach 2 feet in length. The fruit of the tree, the breadfruit, is round, oval or oblong with a rough or smooth skin depending on the variety. The flesh of the fruit is starchy and fragrant, with a texture that is comparable to freshly baked bread when cooked.

Cultivation and Uses

Artocarpus communis is cultivated in tropical regions around the world. The tree is propagated from root cuttings and the fruit is typically harvested while still immature. The breadfruit is a staple food in many tropical regions, and can be cooked in a variety of ways, including roasting, baking, frying, and boiling. In addition to its culinary uses, the tree is also used for timber, and the latex is used as a waterproofing material and for caulking.

Cultural Significance

The breadfruit has a significant role in many Pacific Island cultures. In Hawaii, for example, the breadfruit tree (ulu) is considered a symbol of abundance and is often associated with the goddess Pele. In Tahiti, breadfruit (uru) is a staple food and is also used in traditional medicine.

Conservation

While Artocarpus communis is not currently considered threatened, habitat loss and climate change pose potential threats to the species. Conservation efforts are focused on preserving the genetic diversity of the species and promoting sustainable cultivation practices.

See Also

• Artocarpus altilis
• Artocarpus heterophyllus
• Tropical agriculture

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