Atrophic rhinitis

Atrophic Rhinitis is a chronic disease of the nose characterized by atrophy of nasal mucosa, including the glands, turbinate bones and the nerve elements supplying the nose. The condition is marked by a foul odor emanating from the nose, nasal obstruction, and crusting.

Etiology

The exact cause of Atrophic Rhinitis is unknown. However, it is believed to be caused by a variety of factors such as infection, nutritional deficiencies, hormonal imbalances, and autoimmune disorders. Some researchers suggest that the bacterium Klebsiella ozaenae may play a role in the development of the disease.

Symptoms

The primary symptoms of Atrophic Rhinitis include a foul smell from the nose (known as ozaena), nasal obstruction, and crusting. Other symptoms may include nosebleeds, a decrease in the sense of smell (anosmia), and thick nasal discharge.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Atrophic Rhinitis is primarily based on the patient's clinical history and physical examination. Nasal endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) scans may be used to confirm the diagnosis and assess the extent of the disease.

Treatment

Treatment of Atrophic Rhinitis is aimed at controlling the symptoms and preventing complications. This may include nasal irrigation, topical antibiotics, and in severe cases, surgical intervention.

Prognosis

The prognosis for Atrophic Rhinitis is generally good with appropriate treatment. However, the disease can cause significant discomfort and impact the quality of life.

See Also

• Rhinitis
• Nasal obstruction
• Ozaena
• Anosmia