Attack submarine

Attack Submarine

An attack submarine or hunter-killer submarine is a type of submarine specifically designed for the purpose of attacking and sinking other submarines, surface ships, and merchant vessels. In the post-World War II era, the majority of the world's attack submarines are powered by nuclear propulsion.

History

The first attack submarine was the Holland 1, commissioned by the Royal Navy in 1901. However, the concept of an underwater "attack" or "combat" vessel dates back much further. There are instances of submarines being used for offensive purposes in the American Civil War, and the Turtle, a hand-powered submersible designed in 1775, is often considered the first real submarine.

Design and Features

Modern attack submarines are sophisticated vessels, equipped with advanced sonar systems, torpedoes, and cruise missiles. They are designed to operate deep below the surface, and their primary mission is to seek and destroy enemy submarines and surface vessels. Some attack submarines also have the capability to launch guided missiles for land attack missions.

Nuclear-Powered Attack Submarines

Nuclear-powered attack submarines (SSNs) are the most common type of attack submarine in service today. They are powered by nuclear reactors, which provide virtually unlimited range and endurance, and a high top speed. The first nuclear-powered attack submarine was the USS Nautilus, commissioned by the United States Navy in 1954.

Diesel-Electric Attack Submarines

Diesel-electric attack submarines (SSKs) are less common than their nuclear counterparts, but still play a significant role in many navies. They are powered by diesel engines for surface running and batteries for submerged operations. Diesel-electric submarines are generally smaller and quieter than nuclear submarines, making them ideal for operations in shallow, coastal waters.

See Also

• List of submarine classes
• Submarine warfare
• Ballistic missile submarine