Balloon dilation

Balloon dilation is a medical procedure used to widen or unblock a narrow or obstructed body channel. It is a minimally invasive procedure that involves the insertion of a balloon catheter into the body channel, which is then inflated to dilate the area. This procedure is commonly used in the treatment of conditions such as cardiovascular disease, gastrointestinal disorders, and urological conditions.

Procedure

The balloon dilation procedure begins with the insertion of a catheter into the body channel. This is usually done under local anesthesia, although general anesthesia may be used in some cases. The catheter is guided to the site of the blockage using medical imaging techniques such as fluoroscopy or ultrasound.

Once the catheter is in place, the balloon at its tip is inflated. This causes the surrounding tissue to stretch and widen, allowing for improved flow of fluids or gases. The balloon is then deflated and the catheter is removed.

Applications

Balloon dilation is used in a variety of medical fields. In cardiology, it is used to treat coronary artery disease by widening narrowed or blocked blood vessels. In gastroenterology, it is used to treat conditions such as achalasia and esophageal stricture. In urology, it is used to treat conditions such as ureteral stricture and kidney stones.

Risks and Complications

While balloon dilation is generally considered safe, it does carry some risks. These include the risk of infection, bleeding, and damage to the body channel. In rare cases, the balloon may rupture during the procedure, which can lead to serious complications.

See Also

• Angioplasty
• Stent
• Endoscopy