Balsam of Peru

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Balsamum peruvianum1

Result of standard T.R.U.E patch test showing allergy to Balsam of Peru

Balsam of Peru, also known as Myroxylon balsamum, is a resin extracted from the bark of the tree Myroxylon, which is native to Central America, particularly in El Salvador. This natural resin has been used for centuries in various applications, including as a fragrance in perfumes, in food as a flavoring agent, and in medicine for its healing properties.

Composition and Properties

Balsam of Peru contains a complex mixture of substances, including benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, benzyl cinnamate, cinnamyl cinnamate, and various essential oils. This unique composition is responsible for its sweet, vanilla-like aroma and its antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, and healing properties. It is also known for its ability to act as a mild expectorant and for its use in treating dry socket in dentistry.

Uses

Medicinal

Historically, Balsam of Peru has been used in traditional medicine to treat wounds and ulcers, owing to its antiseptic properties. It has been applied topically to heal cuts, burns, and other skin injuries. Additionally, it has been used in the treatment of hemorrhoids and as an ingredient in cough syrups and lozenges due to its expectorant properties.

Fragrance and Flavoring

In the cosmetic industry, Balsam of Peru is valued for its warm, rich scent and is often used as a fragrance component in perfumes, soaps, and lotions. In the food industry, it is used as a flavoring agent in products like baked goods, ice cream, and drinks, imparting a subtle, sweet flavor.

Allergenic Potential

Despite its beneficial uses, Balsam of Peru is also known for its allergenic potential. It is one of the more common substances that can cause contact dermatitis, a type of allergic reaction characterized by red, itchy, and inflamed skin. Individuals who are sensitive to Balsam of Peru may also react to products containing similar chemical compounds, such as those found in cinnamon and cloves.

Regulation and Safety

Due to its allergenic potential, the use of Balsam of Peru is regulated in many countries. Products containing this substance are often required to list it as an ingredient to inform consumers who may be allergic. In the medical field, patch testing for Balsam of Peru is commonly conducted to identify allergies to fragrance ingredients.

Conclusion

Balsam of Peru remains a valuable natural resource with a wide range of applications in medicine, food, and cosmetics. However, its allergenic potential necessitates careful consideration and labeling in products to protect sensitive individuals.