Basilar type migraine

Basilar type migraine (BTM), also known as basilar artery migraine, basilar migraine or Bickerstaff syndrome, is a subtype of migraine characterized by neurological symptoms that originate from the brainstem or both hemispheres of the brain.

Symptoms

The symptoms of BTM are believed to be related to constriction of the basilar artery, a major blood vessel in the brain. These symptoms can include vertigo, dysarthria, tinnitus, hypacusis, diplopia, visual symptoms simultaneously in both temporal and nasal fields of both eyes, ataxia, decreased level of consciousness, and bilateral paresthesias.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of BTM is based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD) criteria, which requires at least two attacks of migraine headache accompanied by at least two of the aforementioned symptoms.

Treatment

Treatment of BTM is similar to that of other types of migraines and includes both preventive and acute therapies. Preventive therapies may include beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, antidepressants, and antiepileptic drugs. Acute therapies may include triptans, ergotamines, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with BTM is generally good, with most individuals responding well to treatment and being able to manage their symptoms effectively. However, as with all types of migraines, the condition can significantly impact an individual's quality of life.

See also

• Migraine
• Basilar artery
• International Classification of Headache Disorders