Beading of the ribs

Beading of the ribs is a medical condition characterized by the formation of hard, rounded protrusions along the costal margin (the lower edge of the chest wall, formed by the joining of the ribs). This condition is often associated with certain diseases, such as rickets, a disorder caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate.

Causes

The primary cause of beading of the ribs is rickets. Rickets is a skeletal disorder that's caused by a lack of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate. These nutrients are important for the development of strong, healthy bones. People who have rickets may have weak and soft bones, stunted growth, and in severe cases, skeletal deformities such as beading of the ribs.

Other potential causes of beading of the ribs include:

• Malnutrition: A severe or prolonged lack of any nutrient in your diet can lead to malnutrition, which can cause beading of the ribs.
• Chronic kidney disease: This condition can cause an imbalance in your body's calcium and phosphate levels, leading to bone deformities like beading of the ribs.

Symptoms

The most obvious symptom of beading of the ribs is the presence of hard, rounded protrusions along the costal margin. Other symptoms may include:

• Pain or tenderness in the ribs
• Difficulty breathing
• A visible deformity in the chest wall

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of beading of the ribs typically involves a physical examination and medical history. The doctor may also order imaging tests, such as an X-ray, to get a better look at the ribs and confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment for beading of the ribs focuses on addressing the underlying cause of the condition. This may involve:

• Vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate supplements to treat rickets
• Dietary changes or supplements to address malnutrition
• Medication or dialysis to manage chronic kidney disease

See also

• Rickets
• Costal margin
• Chronic kidney disease
• Malnutrition