Bekhterev Jacobsohn reflex

Bekhterev Jacobsohn reflex
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Synonyms
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Involuntary contraction of the muscles of the face
Complications	N/A
Onset	N/A
Duration	N/A
Types	N/A
Causes	Neurological conditions affecting the trigeminal nerve
Risks	N/A
Diagnosis	Clinical examination
Differential diagnosis	N/A
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Addressing underlying neurological condition
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	N/A
Deaths	N/A

The Bekhterev Jacobsohn reflex is a neurological reflex characterized by the involuntary contraction of the muscles of the face, particularly around the eyes and mouth, in response to stimulation of the trigeminal nerve. This reflex is named after the Russian neurologist Vladimir Bekhterev and the German neurologist Hermann Jacobsohn, who both contributed to its identification and understanding.

Physiology

The Bekhterev Jacobsohn reflex involves the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V), which is responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing. The reflex is elicited by stimulating the sensory branches of the trigeminal nerve, leading to a motor response in the facial muscles. This response is thought to be mediated by neural pathways that connect the sensory input from the trigeminal nerve to the motor output of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII).

Clinical Significance

The presence of the Bekhterev Jacobsohn reflex can be indicative of certain neurological conditions. It is often assessed during a neurological examination to evaluate the integrity of the trigeminal and facial nerves. Abnormalities in this reflex may suggest lesions or dysfunctions in the brainstem or other areas of the central nervous system that affect these cranial nerves.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of the Bekhterev Jacobsohn reflex is primarily clinical, based on the observation of the reflex during a neurological examination. The examiner may use a cotton swab or similar instrument to gently stimulate areas of the face innervated by the trigeminal nerve and observe for any involuntary facial muscle contractions.

Treatment

There is no specific treatment for the Bekhterev Jacobsohn reflex itself, as it is a sign rather than a condition. Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying neurological disorder that may be causing the reflex. This could involve medical management, physical therapy, or surgical interventions, depending on the specific diagnosis.

History

The reflex was first described in the early 20th century by Vladimir Bekhterev and Hermann Jacobsohn. Their work contributed to the understanding of the complex interactions between sensory and motor pathways in the nervous system.

Also see

• Trigeminal nerve
• Facial nerve
• Neurological examination
• Reflexes

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External links

• Comprehensive information from the National Institute of health.
  

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