Betulin

Betulin

Betulin is a naturally occurring triterpene that is found in the bark of several species of trees, including the white birch (Betula alba) from which it gets its name. It is a white crystalline powder that is insoluble in water but soluble in ethanol and ether.

Structure and Properties

Betulin is a pentacyclic triterpene and has the molecular formula C30H50O2. Its structure consists of five six-membered rings, four of which are arranged in a "chair" conformation. It has a molar mass of 442.72 g/mol and a melting point of 256-257 °C.

Occurrence and Extraction

Betulin is most commonly found in the bark of the white birch tree, but it can also be found in other species of the Betulaceae family, as well as in some species of the Rosaceae family. The compound can be extracted from the bark using organic solvents such as ethanol or ether.

Uses and Applications

Betulin has been studied for its potential medicinal properties. It has been found to have anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anticancer activities. It is also being investigated for its potential use in the treatment of HIV and malaria. In addition, betulin is used in the cosmetics industry for its skin-conditioning properties.

Safety and Toxicity

Betulin is generally considered safe for topical use. However, ingestion or inhalation of large amounts can cause irritation to the gastrointestinal tract and respiratory system, respectively.

See Also

• Betulinic acid
• Lupeol
• Birch bark