Bile reflux

From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Bile Reflux is a medical condition characterized by the flow of bile from the gallbladder into the stomach and the esophagus. Unlike acid reflux, which involves the regurgitation of stomach acid, bile reflux involves the backflow of bile, a digestive fluid produced in the liver.

Causes[edit | edit source]

Bile reflux may occur due to several reasons. It can be a complication of gallbladder surgery, where the pathway for bile is disrupted, causing it to flow into the stomach instead of the small intestine. Other causes include peptic ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

The symptoms of bile reflux are often similar to those of acid reflux. These may include heartburn, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. In severe cases, bile reflux can cause damage to the stomach and esophagus, leading to conditions such as gastritis and Barrett's esophagus.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of bile reflux is typically made through a combination of patient history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. These tests may include endoscopy, where a thin tube with a camera is used to examine the stomach and esophagus, and a gastric emptying study, which measures how quickly food leaves the stomach.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for bile reflux may involve lifestyle changes, medications, or surgery. Lifestyle changes can include dietary modifications, such as avoiding foods that trigger symptoms, and weight loss. Medications used to treat bile reflux include proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), which reduce stomach acid, and ursodeoxycholic acid, which can help promote bile flow. In severe cases, surgery may be required to divert bile away from the stomach.

See Also[edit | edit source]


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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD