Bioallethrin

Bioallethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid that is commonly used as an insecticide. It is a synthetic derivative of allethrin, a naturally occurring insecticidal compound found in the chrysanthemum flower. Bioallethrin is primarily used in the control of mosquitoes, flies, and other pests in public health situations and in the home.

History

Bioallethrin was first synthesized in the 1950s as part of a larger effort to create synthetic versions of natural pyrethroids. The goal was to create compounds that were more stable and effective than their natural counterparts. Bioallethrin was one of the first synthetic pyrethroids to be developed and has since become a standard in many insecticidal products.

Structure and Properties

Bioallethrin is a complex organic compound with the chemical formula C19H26O3. It is a pale yellow liquid at room temperature and has a mild, characteristic odor. Bioallethrin is highly lipophilic, meaning it dissolves readily in fats and oils. This property makes it particularly effective as an insecticide, as it can easily penetrate the waxy cuticle of insects.

Mode of Action

Bioallethrin works by disrupting the normal functioning of the nervous system in insects. It does this by interacting with voltage-gated sodium channels, which are essential for the transmission of nerve impulses. Bioallethrin causes these channels to remain open for longer than normal, leading to repeated and uncontrolled nerve firing. This results in paralysis and eventual death of the insect.

Uses

Bioallethrin is used in a wide range of insecticidal products, including aerosols, sprays, and mosquito coils. It is also used in combination with other insecticides, such as piperonyl butoxide, to increase its effectiveness. Bioallethrin is particularly effective against flying insects, such as mosquitoes and flies, but it can also be used against other pests, such as cockroaches and ants.

Safety and Environmental Impact

Like all synthetic pyrethroids, bioallethrin is toxic to insects but has low toxicity to mammals. However, it can cause skin and eye irritation in humans, and prolonged exposure can lead to more serious health effects. Bioallethrin is also toxic to fish and other aquatic organisms. It is not persistent in the environment and breaks down quickly in soil and water.

See Also

• Pyrethroid
• Insecticide
• Allethrin