Blangkon

Ngayogyakarta-style blangkon, 2015-05-17 04

Blangkon or Belangkon is a traditional Javanese headgear worn by men and is part of the Javanese culture. It is made from batik fabric, which is a textile technique of Indonesia known for its unique process of wax-resist dyeing applied to whole cloth. Blangkon is a significant cultural symbol in Java, Indonesia, representing social status, regional origin, and cultural identity among the Javanese people.

History

The history of Blangkon dates back to the Hindu-Buddhist period of the Javanese history, showing the influence of Hindu culture on Javanese dress. It evolved over time, incorporating various cultural influences including Islamic elements, as Islam spread across Java. The design and form of Blangkon have changed over the centuries, reflecting the dynamic nature of Javanese culture and fashion.

Design and Types

Blangkon comes in various shapes and designs, depending on the region in Java. The two main types are:

• Blangkon Ngayogyakarta, from the region of Yogyakarta, characterized by its flat top.
• Blangkon Surakarta, from the region of Surakarta or Solo, which has a protruding part at the back.

The fabric used for Blangkon is traditionally batik, with patterns that can signify the wearer's social status, region, and even marital status. The making of Blangkon is considered an art, with each piece being handcrafted by skilled artisans.

Cultural Significance

Blangkon is more than just a headgear in Javanese culture; it is a symbol of respect and dignity. It is commonly worn during traditional ceremonies and weddings, indicating the importance of preserving Javanese culture and traditions. The Blangkon also plays a role in traditional Javanese dance and theatre, such as Wayang performances, where it is part of the costume for male characters.

Modern Usage

In contemporary times, Blangkon is still worn by many Javanese men, especially during traditional events, ceremonies, and cultural performances. It has also been embraced by the fashion industry, with designers incorporating traditional elements into modern clothing, including Blangkon.

Preservation and Challenges

The tradition of wearing and making Blangkon faces challenges in the modern era, including the decline in traditional batik production and the influence of Western fashion. Efforts are being made to preserve this cultural heritage through education, workshops, and the promotion of traditional Javanese attire in both local and international contexts.