Bloody stool

Bloody Stool refers to the condition where blood is present in the feces, which may be a sign of a disease or condition in the digestive system. The medical term for bloody stool is hematochezia or melena, depending on the location and nature of the bleeding.

Causes

Bloody stool can be caused by a variety of conditions, including hemorrhoids, anal fissures, diverticular disease, colitis, peptic ulcers, gastric cancer, and esophageal varices. It can also be a symptom of more serious conditions such as colorectal cancer.

Symptoms

In addition to the presence of blood in the stool, other symptoms may include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and fatigue. The color and consistency of the blood can provide clues to the location of the bleeding. Bright red blood usually indicates bleeding in the lower digestive tract, while dark, tarry stools suggest bleeding in the upper digestive tract.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of bloody stool typically involves a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. Diagnostic tests may include a fecal occult blood test, colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, upper endoscopy, or capsule endoscopy.

Treatment

Treatment for bloody stool depends on the underlying cause. It may involve medications to control bleeding and inflammation, dietary changes, or in severe cases, surgery.

Prevention

Prevention strategies for bloody stool include maintaining a healthy diet, regular exercise, avoiding excessive alcohol and tobacco use, and regular screening for colorectal cancer for individuals over the age of 50.

See also

• Gastrointestinal bleeding
• Rectal bleeding
• Stool test