Breastplate

15th century Gothic breastplate

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Man's Breastplate, Crow (Native American), 1880-1900, 41.863

Left Hand Bear, Oglala Sioux chief, by Heyn Photo, 1899

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Rupaul Dragcon 2018-307 (41377493234) (cropped) 2

Breastplate refers to a piece of armor that covers the front of the torso to protect it from injury in combat or in a hazardous environment. Historically, breastplates were used by ancient and medieval warriors, including the Roman legionaries, knights of the Middle Ages, and samurai of feudal Japan. They were made from a variety of materials, including bronze, iron, steel, and in some cases, hardened leather. The design and construction of breastplates evolved over the centuries to offer better protection and greater mobility.

History

The use of breastplates can be traced back to ancient civilizations such as the Sumerians, Egyptians, and Greeks. The Roman Empire further advanced the design of breastplates, creating the lorica segmentata, a type of segmented armor that offered enhanced flexibility and protection. During the Middle Ages, the breastplate became a key component of a knight's plate armor, designed to deflect or absorb the impact of weapons. The introduction of firearms in the 16th century led to the development of thicker and more rounded breastplates, which were designed to deflect bullets.

Types

There are several types of breastplates, each designed for specific purposes and periods:

• Muscle Cuirass: Often used by the Greeks and Romans, this type of breastplate was designed to mimic the idealized male torso.
• Gothic Breastplate: Part of the Gothic armor of the late Middle Ages, characterized by its pointed shape and elaborate decoration.
• Bullet-proof Breastplate: Developed in response to the advent of firearms, these breastplates were thicker and sometimes included a slight bulge, called a peascod, to help deflect bullets.

Materials

Early breastplates were made from materials such as bronze and leather. As metallurgy advanced, iron and later steel became the preferred materials due to their superior durability and protective qualities. The thickness and design of the breastplate varied depending on the technology of the time and the specific threats faced by the wearer.

Modern Usage

Today, the concept of the breastplate lives on in modern body armor, including bulletproof vests and tactical vests used by military and law enforcement personnel. These modern equivalents are made from advanced materials such as Kevlar, ceramics, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, offering protection against firearms and shrapnel.

Cultural Significance

Beyond their practical use, breastplates have a significant cultural and symbolic presence. They are often associated with the ideals of chivalry, bravery, and honor. In art and literature, breastplates are frequently used to signify the heroism and martial prowess of characters.

See Also

• Armor
• Plate armor
• Chain mail
• Helmet
• Shield