Brisbane

Windmill Brisbane 1865

StateLibQld 2 148511 Early drawing of a section of the town of Brisbane, Queensland including the Convict Hospital, 1835

StateLibQld 2 394553 Edward Street looking west across the intersection with Queen Street, Brisbane, 1889

1893 Brisbane flood Queen St

StateLibQld 1 15542 Demonstration in Albert Square during the 1912 General Strike, Brisbane

Brisbane is the capital city of the Queensland state in Australia. It is the third-most populous city in Australia, following Sydney and Melbourne. Brisbane is located in the southeast corner of Queensland, approximately 15 kilometers (9 miles) from the Pacific Ocean. The city is situated along the Brisbane River, and its eastern suburbs line the shores of Moreton Bay. The area of Brisbane is characterized by its hilly landscape and is noted for its diverse wildlife and subtropical climate.

History

The area now known as Brisbane was originally inhabited by the Turrbal and Jagera people. The city was named after the Brisbane River, which was itself named after Sir Thomas Brisbane, the Governor of New South Wales from 1821 to 1825. The city's history began in 1824 as a penal colony for the British Empire to alleviate overcrowding in Sydney's prisons. Brisbane was chosen due to its remoteness, which was considered a deterrent for escape. The city was opened to free settlers in 1842, and rapid growth followed.

Geography

Brisbane is located in the southeast corner of Queensland, between the Gold Coast to the south and the Sunshine Coast to the north. The city's topography is varied, with low-lying floodplains and rolling hills. The Brisbane River winds its way through the city and has a significant influence on the urban layout.

Climate

Brisbane experiences a humid subtropical climate, with hot, wet summers and mild, dry winters. This climate is conducive to outdoor activities and lifestyle, contributing to the city's reputation as a vibrant, dynamic place to live and visit.

Economy

The economy of Brisbane is diverse, with significant sectors including finance, education, health, and technology. The city is also a major hub for the Australian Defence Force. Tourism is a significant part of the economy, with Brisbane serving as a gateway to the attractions of Queensland, such as the Great Barrier Reef and Daintree Rainforest.

Culture

Brisbane is known for its vibrant arts scene, with numerous galleries, theatres, and live music venues. The city hosts several major events each year, including the Brisbane Festival and the Ekka (Royal Queensland Exhibition). Brisbane's culinary scene is also notable, featuring a wide range of dining options from street food markets to high-end restaurants.

Education

The city is home to several major universities, including the University of Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, and Griffith University. These institutions contribute to Brisbane's reputation as a center for research and innovation.

Transport

Brisbane is served by a comprehensive public transport network, including buses, trains, and ferries. The Brisbane Airport is an important hub for both domestic and international flights. The city also promotes active transportation, with numerous bike paths and walking trails.

Sports

Sport plays a significant role in Brisbane's culture, with facilities for cricket, rugby league, rugby union, and soccer. The city has hosted many international sporting events, including matches during the Rugby World Cup and the Commonwealth Games.

See Also

• History of Brisbane
• Geography of Brisbane
• Economy of Brisbane
• Culture of Brisbane
• Education in Brisbane
• Transport in Brisbane