Bryophyllum

Bryophyllum, also known as Kalanchoe, is a genus of plants in the family Crassulaceae that are known for their unique method of propagation. Unlike most plants, Bryophyllum species can propagate vegetatively from plantlets that form on the edges of their leaves, a phenomenon known as vivipary. This characteristic has made them popular in horticulture and has also attracted scientific interest in their reproductive and physiological adaptations.

Description

Bryophyllum plants are perennial herbs or small shrubs with thick, fleshy leaves that serve as water storage organs, allowing them to survive in arid conditions. The leaves are typically large, with a scalloped or serrated margin, and in many species, tiny plantlets form in the notches along the leaf margins. These plantlets can fall off and grow into new plants without the need for seed formation, which is an adaptation to their environments where water may be scarce or irregular.

The flowers of Bryophyllum are bell-shaped, hanging in clusters from the top of a flower stalk, and can be a variety of colors including red, orange, yellow, pink, or purple. The flowering period varies among species but often occurs in the late winter or early spring.

Distribution and Habitat

Bryophyllum species are native to Madagascar, Africa, and Asia, but have been introduced to many tropical and subtropical regions around the world. They are adaptable to a wide range of environments but typically prefer well-drained soil and sunny locations. Due to their easy propagation and adaptability, some Bryophyllum species have become invasive in certain areas.

Uses

In addition to their ornamental value, some species of Bryophyllum have been used in traditional medicine for their purported therapeutic properties. Compounds extracted from Bryophyllum plants have been studied for their potential anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiviral activities. However, it is important to note that scientific evidence supporting these medicinal uses is limited and more research is needed.

Conservation

While some Bryophyllum species are widespread and even invasive, others are threatened by habitat loss and overcollection. Conservation efforts are necessary to ensure the survival of these species in their natural habitats.

Selected Species

• Bryophyllum pinnatum (also known as the air plant, cathedral bells, life plant, and miracle leaf)
• Bryophyllum daigremontianum (also known as the mother of thousands or devil's backbone)
• Bryophyllum delagoense (also known as the chandelier plant)
• Bryophyllum fedtschenkoi (also known as lavender scallops)

See Also

• Crassulacean acid metabolism
• Succulent plant
• Vegetative reproduction