Buchanania cochinchinensis

Buchanania cochinchinensis is a tropical fruit tree species belonging to the family Anacardiaceae. The tree is native to South and Southeast Asia and is commonly known as Chironji or Cuddapah almond in English. Its seeds are used as a cooking spice primarily in India.

Description

The Buchanania cochinchinensis tree grows to a height of about 50 feet. It has a straight and cylindrical trunk, with a greyish-brown bark. The leaves are simple, alternate, and oblong-lanceolate. The flowers are small and greenish-white, arranged in terminal or axillary spikes. The fruit is a drupe, turning from green to purple when ripe.

Cultivation and uses

Buchanania cochinchinensis is cultivated for its edible seeds, which are used as a spice in Indian cuisine. The seeds are also used in traditional medicine for their astringent, cooling, and demulcent properties. The wood of the tree is used for making furniture and agricultural implements.

Ecology

The tree is a primary food source for several species of birds and mammals, which help in seed dispersal. It is also a host plant for several species of butterflies.

Conservation status

The Buchanania cochinchinensis tree is not currently listed as threatened or endangered. However, habitat loss due to deforestation and overharvesting of the seeds for commercial use are potential threats to the species.

See also

• Anacardiaceae
• Spices
• Traditional medicine

References

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