Buddhism in Cambodia

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Buddhism in Cambodia

Buddhism is the dominant religion in Cambodia, with approximately 97% of the population adhering to Theravada Buddhism. The history of Buddhism in Cambodia spans nearly two millennia, with the religion first being introduced to the region during the Funan period in the early centuries of the Common Era.

History

Buddhism was introduced to Cambodia through the Indian subcontinent and the Maritime Silk Road. The earliest forms of Buddhism practiced in Cambodia were Mahayana Buddhism and Theravada Buddhism. During the Khmer Empire, Mahayana Buddhism was the dominant form, heavily influenced by Hinduism.

In the 13th century, Theravada Buddhism began to gain prominence, largely due to the influence of monks from Sri Lanka. By the 14th century, Theravada Buddhism had become the state religion of Cambodia, a status it retains to this day.

Practices and Beliefs

Cambodian Buddhism is characterized by its adherence to the Pali Canon, the traditional scriptures of Theravada Buddhism. The religion emphasizes the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path as the means to achieve Nirvana.

Monastic life is highly respected in Cambodian society, with many young men spending time as monks during their lives. The Wat (temple) serves as the center of community life, where religious ceremonies, education, and social activities take place.

Temples and Monasteries

Cambodia is home to numerous significant Buddhist temples and monasteries, including:

• Angkor Wat: Originally a Hindu temple, it was later converted to a Buddhist temple and remains a symbol of Cambodia.
• Wat Phnom: A central temple in Phnom Penh, the capital city.
• Silver Pagoda: Located within the Royal Palace complex in Phnom Penh, it houses many national treasures.

Modern Buddhism in Cambodia

The practice of Buddhism in Cambodia faced significant challenges during the Khmer Rouge regime (1975-1979), when religious practices were severely repressed, and many monks were killed or disrobed. Since the fall of the Khmer Rouge, Buddhism has experienced a revival, with efforts to restore temples and monastic education.

Related Pages

• Theravada Buddhism
• Mahayana Buddhism
• Khmer Empire
• Angkor Wat
• Khmer Rouge