Bulbourethral gland

Bulbourethral gland

The bulbourethral gland, also known as Cowper's gland, is a part of the male reproductive system. It is one of the glands that contribute to the composition of semen.

Anatomy

The bulbourethral gland is a small, pea-sized organ that is located in the pelvis, within the sphincter urethrae muscle. It is found in the deep perineal pouch, closer to the membranous urethra. Each male has two of these glands, one on either side of the urethra.

Function

The primary function of the bulbourethral gland is the production of a clear, viscous secretion known as pre-ejaculate or Cowper's fluid. This fluid is released before ejaculation, and serves several purposes. It neutralizes the acidity of the urethra, which can be harmful to sperm. It also lubricates the urethra, facilitating the passage of sperm during ejaculation.

Clinical significance

Diseases of the bulbourethral gland are relatively rare. However, they can include inflammation (Cowperitis), abscess formation, and neoplasms. These conditions can cause symptoms such as pain, swelling, and discharge from the penis. Treatment typically involves antibiotics for infections, and surgery for abscesses or neoplasms.

See also

• Male reproductive system
• Semen
• Urethra