Bunyavirales

Bunyavirales is an order of viruses. It was established by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) in 2016. The name Bunyavirales is derived from Bunyamwera, where the first isolated virus of the now called Bunyaviridae family was found. The order includes nine families of viruses that infect a variety of hosts, including humans, other mammals, birds, insects, and plants.

Taxonomy

The order Bunyavirales includes the following nine families:

• Arenaviridae
• Cruliviridae
• Fimoviridae
• Hantaviridae
• Leishbuviridae
• Mypoviridae
• Nairoviridae
• Peribunyaviridae
• Phasmaviridae
• Phenuiviridae
• Tospoviridae

Each of these families includes several genera and species of viruses.

Characteristics

Viruses in the order Bunyavirales are enveloped, with spherical to pleomorphic geometries. The diameter is around 80-120 nm. Genomes are linear and segmented, around 11-19kb in length.

Pathology

Several viruses in the order Bunyavirales are significant pathogens. For example, the Hantavirus causes Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome and Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome. The Rift Valley fever virus, a member of the Phenuiviridae family, causes Rift Valley fever in humans and livestock.

See also

• Virus classification
• List of viruses