Burrhus Frederic Skinner

Burrhus Frederic Skinner (March 20, 1904 – August 18, 1990), commonly known as B.F. Skinner, was an influential psychologist, author, inventor, and social philosopher from the United States. He is primarily recognized for his significant contributions to the field of behaviorism and his development of the theory of operant conditioning.

Early Life and Education

Skinner was born in Susquehanna, Pennsylvania. He received his Bachelor of Arts in English literature from Hamilton College in 1926. After a brief attempt at a writing career, Skinner developed an interest in psychology and enrolled at Harvard University, where he earned his PhD in 1931.

Career and Contributions

Skinner is best known for developing the theory of operant conditioning, which relies on the idea that behavior is determined by its consequences. He introduced the concept of reinforcement, both positive and negative, as a means of shaping behavior.

Skinner also invented the Skinner box, a device used to study animal behavior. The Skinner box allowed for the controlled study of operant conditioning by providing a simple, measurable, and repeatable environment.

In addition to his work in psychology, Skinner wrote several books, including Walden Two and Beyond Freedom and Dignity, which explore themes of behavioral engineering and the implications of his theories for society.

Legacy

Skinner's work has had a profound impact on modern psychology. His theories continue to be applied in various fields, including education, behavior modification, and artificial intelligence.

See Also

• Behaviorism
• Operant conditioning
• Reinforcement
• Skinner box