CD16

CD16 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FCGR3A gene. It is a low affinity receptor for the Fc region of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and is involved in immune response and immune system processes.

Structure

CD16 exists in two forms - CD16a and CD16b. CD16a is a transmembrane protein found on the surface of natural killer cells, macrophages, and neutrophils. CD16b is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein present on neutrophils.

Function

CD16 plays a crucial role in the immune response, including antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). It binds to the Fc portion of IgG antibodies which then induces phagocytosis by macrophages, and cytotoxicity mediated by natural killer cells.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the CD16 gene have been associated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and transplant rejection.

See also

• Cluster of differentiation
• Immunoglobulin G
• Natural killer cell
• Macrophage
• Neutrophil

External links

• CD16 at UniProt