CD5 (protein)
CD5 (protein)
CD5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD5 gene. It is a member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) superfamily and is predominantly expressed in T cells and B cells, the cells involved in the immune response.
Structure[edit]
CD5 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein. It is composed of a large extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic domain. The extracellular domain contains three scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domains, which are involved in protein-protein interactions.
Function[edit]
CD5 plays a crucial role in the immune response. It acts as a co-receptor in both T cells and B cells, modulating T cell receptor and B cell receptor signaling. This modulation can either enhance or inhibit the immune response, depending on the context. CD5 also plays a role in autoimmunity and cancer.
Clinical significance[edit]
Alterations in CD5 expression have been associated with various diseases. Overexpression of CD5 is observed in certain types of leukemia and lymphoma, and is used as a diagnostic marker for these diseases. Conversely, reduced CD5 expression is associated with autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis.
See also[edit]
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