COX5B

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Subunit of cytochrome c oxidase

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B (COX5B) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COX5B gene. It is a component of the cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain.

Function

Cytochrome c oxidase (COX), also known as complex IV, is the terminal enzyme of the electron transport chain in mitochondria. It catalyzes the transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to molecular oxygen, a process that is coupled with the pumping of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This process is essential for the generation of the proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis.

The COX5B subunit is one of the nuclear-encoded subunits of the cytochrome c oxidase complex. It plays a role in the assembly and stability of the complex, although its exact function is not fully understood.

Structure

The COX5B protein is located in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. It is a small protein that interacts with other subunits of the cytochrome c oxidase complex to form a functional enzyme.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the COX5B gene can lead to defects in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, which can result in a variety of mitochondrial diseases. These diseases often affect tissues with high energy demands, such as the brain, heart, and muscle.

See also

• Cytochrome c oxidase
• Mitochondrial respiratory chain
• Electron transport chain
• Mitochondrial diseases

External links

• COX5B